دیدگاه امام ابوحنیفه )رح( در خصوص حقوق متقابل دولت و رعیت

Abstract (English)

The relationship between the state and its citizens is akin to that of the soul and the body each necessitates the existence of the other. Historical records and scholarly works affirm that states and nations have always held mutual rights and obligations toward one another. This principle is deeply rooted in Islamic jurisprudence and has been strongly emphasized by scholars, especially Imam Abu Hanifa (may Allah have mercy on him). What adds to the importance of this study is the understanding of these reciprocal rights and duties, as ignorance of them can disrupt their proper implementation and weaken their effectiveness. This research, by examining the perspective of Imam Abu Hanifa (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding the reciprocal rights of the state and its subjects, seeks to answer the question of what rights are defined for both the government and the people within the thought of Imam Abu Hanifa.This study adopts a library-based methodology and follows a descriptive-analytical approach. The findings indicate that, according to Imam Abu Hanifa, citizens are required to offer conditional and legitimate obedience, support the religion, and provide sincere advice to the leadership. In return, the state is obligated to wage jihad against the enemies of Islam, appoint righteous and competent individuals to government positions, establish justice among people, enforce Islamic rulings and criminal penalties (hudud), organize the military for the defense of Islamic territories, and distribute spoils of war fairly .

English