نقش عوامل جغرافیایی در شکل گیری جابجاییهای داخلی و پیامدهای

Abstract (English)

Internal population displacement in Afghanistan has been one of the most significant spatial and demographic transformations of recent decades, shaped by natural, economic, social, and political factors. The country's geographical characteristics, including its arid and semi-arid climate, vulnerability to climate change, natural disasters, persistent insecurity, and spatial inequalities, have significantly contributed to the increase in internal displacement. This study seeks to answer the following question: What role do geographical factors play in the formation of internal displacement in Afghanistan, and what political consequences have resulted from these displacement patterns? The main objective of this research is to analyze the role of geographical factors in shaping internal displacement and to examine its political consequences in Afghanistan. This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach based on library research. The required data were collected and analyzed from scholarly sources, official documents, and national and international reports. The findings indicate that drought and water scarcity, climate change, natural disasters, war and insecurity, poverty and unemployment, the concentration of services and facilities in urban areas, and spatial inequalities are among the most influential factors driving internal displacement in Afghanistan. The results further reveal that, in addition to altering population settlement patterns, these displacement processes have led to increased pressure on governance and urban management systems, the expansion of informal settlements, the intensification of spatial inequalities, demographic changes, heightened competition over public resources and services, and the emergence of security and social challenges. From the perspective of political geography, internal displacement is the outcome of the interaction between space, population, and power. Therefore, its effective management requires balanced regional development, the reduction of excessive centralization, and the strengthening of

English